CULTURA is the annual journal of the Faculty Association of the University of San Martín de Porres and publishes research by its members. Its purpose is to stimulate the scientific production of USMP faculty members and disseminate the knowledge they generate within the national and international community. In doing so, it contributes to increasing the university's academic and scientific visibility. CULTURA is a multi-topic journal that publishes research in the various areas of knowledge developed in the faculties and schools of this institution.
If the manuscript is approved for publication, the authors retain the copyright but grant the journal exclusive rights to publish, edit, reproduce, distribute, display, and disseminate it, both domestically and internationally, using print and electronic media in various databases.
Equal opportunities model for a life project of women with visual disabilities
Women with visual impairments are invisible, they stay at home, they are subject to progressive abandonment, shame, physical and sexual violence, and they lack a life plan. In the workplace, compared to men, women are twice as likely to have a job. The study proposes a model for job insertion, identifying the factors that create barriers to job insertion.
Copyright (c) 2024 Augusto Bernuy Alva http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Science, ethics and the human future: Reflections from contemporary philosophy
This article critically examines the growing divergence between accelerated techno-scientific progress and fundamental humanistic values, a central concern in contemporary thought. Employing a methodology of bibliographic research and critical-discursive analysis, it investigates the conceptual frameworks of transhumanism, liberal eugenics, and the ideal of bodily perfection, by confronting the stances of key thinkers such as Lyotard, Habermas, Sandel, Ferry, Leuridan, Žižek, and Han. The study argues that humanity faces a paradigmatic dilemma that necessitates a profound redefinition of the concept of "progress" and the role of technē in the evolution of the species.
Copyright (c) 2024 Roger Yajure Revilla http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This article provides a brief review of education in Antiquity, focusing specifically on Greece and Rome, and implementing a comparative and critical analysis. Special emphasis is placed on the educational thought of crucial figures such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and Marcus Aurelius. The study establishes that in ancient Greece (5th–4th centuries B.C.), the guiding idea of formation was paideia, a concept that transcended mere cognitive instruction. Paideia was defined as integral formation and "human upbringing," emphasizing character development and the daily exercise of citizen virtues.
Copyright (c) 2024 Alan Patroni Marínovich http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An overview of the characteristics and names of tourism careers in Peru
The present research aims to analyze, based on public data, the direction and focus of tourism programs, primarily examining their denominations. Through a review of the official records of 46 universities offering these programs, a clear orientation towards administration is observed, at least in their naming. Additionally, a diversity of themes associated with the term "tourism" is identified, such as hospitality, business, gastronomy, and others. It is further suggested that social and environmental aspects are not commonly reflected in the names of the program.
Copyright (c) 2024 Fabrizio Alberca Sialer http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Education for Water Sustainability: management of good practices, challenges and opportunities.
Access to clean, sufficient, and good quality water is a constant that apparently concerns humanity, not only in these decades, but also in fact, it is very important to develop strategies that overcome good intentions, strategies that are possible with the process. formative and cultural that education brings to people.
Copyright (c) 2024 Luis Alberto Medina Zapata http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Report of the World Academic Summit on Humanismheld at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich
During the World Academic Summit at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), a prestigious Swiss public university, a series of insights emerged, which are presented below. The constant theme of this academic summit was the debate on how talent is generated and its intrinsic purpose of introducing humanistic values ​​into academia.
Copyright (c) 2019 Amybel Sánchez de Walther (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Clinopodium pulchellum (Kunth) Govaerts «panizara» against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
The objective of the research was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Clinopodium pulchellum (Kunth) Govaerts “panizara” leaves against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC® 6538™) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC® 9027™). The essential oil was obtained by treating 5 kg of leaves collected in the district of Huacaschuque, province of Pallasca, Ancash region, at 3100 m a.s.l, by means of indirect steam distillation, which yielded 0.58% v/w. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was determined using the Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method at concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%.
Copyright (c) 2019 Edgar Tapia Manrique, Betsabeth Rivera Castillo, Américo Castro Luna, Martín Cordorhuamán Figueroa, Christian Quispe Yalli, Diego Valdivieso Márquez (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mesiodens supernumerary tooth in inverted transverse position. A case report
Supernumerary teeth appear as teeth or structures similar and additional to the normal series of 20 primary and 32 permanent teeth. Their etiology is mostly idiopathic although it is also associated with two syndromes: cleidocranial dysplasia and familial adenomatous polyposis. There seems to be evidence suggesting a family tendency to produce extra teeth.
Copyright (c) 2019 José Oliva Chumán (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Flexible working day to increase productivity, Lima 2016-2018
In Peru, making working days more flexible is needed as a measure for reducing unemployment, promoting productivity and improving workers’ quality of life. The pace of modern life leads people to balance their time between workplace and family: the issue is to establish a maximum number of working hours and how much time workers will share with their family. This research aimed at identifying the relationship between the reduction of working hours and work productivity.
Copyright (c) 2019 Luis Humberto Ludeña Saldaña (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
May scientific output disappear? Digital preservation issues in Peruvian universities
This exploratory study aims to analyze the current situation of journals and repositories of Peruvian universities whose licensing was denied by the National Superintendency of Higher University Education (SUNEDU), and issues regarding digital preservation policies of papers published by such educational institutions. Data was collected between May and October 12, 2019 from repositories, journal portals, the National Open Access Digital Repository for Science, Technology and Innovation (ALICIA), and the National Registry of Research Papers Submitted for Academic Degrees and Professional Titles (RENATI).
Copyright (c) 2019 Victoria Yance Yupari (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Proposal for a behavioral problem prevention program in 10 to 11 year old children attending a public educational institution
In recent years, an increase in children’s behavior problems has been observed in Peru. Although reports focused on the detection, evaluation and psychological intervention of emotional and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents are available, there are few studies concerning preventive and promotional aspects. This paper presents a proposal for a primary prevention program under the cognitive behavioral model to reduce externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in 10- to 11-year-old boys and girlsm attending a public educational institution. The program will identify and restructure irrational thoughts of depressive and anxious content, reduce aggressive behaviors, and increase children’s self-esteem, thus developing the learning of behavior modification techniques by parents.
Copyright (c) 2019 José Paulino Oré Maldonado (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sex differences in cognitive emotion regulation strategies: An exploratory report on college students
The objective of this study was to analyze the differences between men and women in terms of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in a sample of 476 students from 16 to 32 years (78.4% women, Mage = 20.57 years) from a private university in Lima. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire– 18 was administered and a comparative analysis based on effect size measures was implemented. The results show that women have higher scores in catastrophizing and men in acceptation. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2019 Sergio Dominguez Lara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Early maladaptive schemas: A complex measure in Peruvian students
The objective of this paper is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Young Schema Questionnaire - Short Form (YSQ-SF, 75-item version) in a sample of 400 university students between ages 17 and 57 (M = 23.3; SD = 5.36). To analyze the internal structure, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA)model was used due to the factor complexity found in previous studies, which showed eight factors.
Copyright (c) 2019 Anthony Copez-Lonzoy (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Personality patterns and sexual assertiveness in sexual aggressors confined in four Peruvian penitentiaries
The present article aims to determine the relationship between personality patterns and sexual assertiveness in inmates serving sentences for sexualaggression in four Peruvian prisons. This study had a quantitative, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional design, and consisted of 184 inmates aged between 18 and 60. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (MCMI-II) and the Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS)
Copyright (c) 2019 Sixto Serafín Bonifacio Gutiérrez (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Stress and risk factors for drug use among psychology students of a public university in Lima
This paper aims to identify the relationship between stress and risk factors for drug use among psychology students of a university in Lima. The stress assessment will be based, at a theoretical level, on the interactional and multimodal approach. Regarding drug use, risk factors were studied in young students of a public university. Both variables will be analyzed at a descriptive correlational level. It was evidenced that there is a significant relationship between stress and risk factors for drug use among students. This implies that the higher the risk for drug use, the greater the stress response and vice versa.
Copyright (c) 2019 Marivel Teresa Aguirre Morales (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Señorío de los Huambos tourist route for rural community-based tourism: An alternative for the development of an inclusive economy
This paper presents the results of the research Señorío de los Huambos: tourist route proposal for rural community-based tourism conducted in the provinces of Chota, Cutervo and Santa Cruz, located in the Cajamarca region, in the year 2019. The research had a correlational, cross-sectional and mixed approach design. The sample was made up of 120 inhabitants of the tourist route, to whom a questionnaire and an observation sheet were administered. The results indicated a highly significant correlation between the Señorío de los Huambos tourist route and rural community-based tourism (TRC).
Copyright (c) 2019 Elvis Doberto Osorio Arrascue, Wilfredo Montenegro Carrasco (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Huacho and Huaura, charming places in north-central Peru
This research aims to determine how available tourist resources may promote the development of the Huacho district (Huaura, Lima Region) and turn it into a tourist destination. To that end, it uses a qualitative, descriptive and applied assessment methodology.
Copyright (c) 2019 Cristóbal Humphrey Noriega Cardó (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
How to make decisions to invest through the scientific methodologies of the Internal Rate of Return or the Net Present Value
As we know, the increase in investments has a macroeconomic repercussion on the economies’ growth, due to the multiplying effect on the increase in consumption and employment. Capital investment policies are difficult decisions that must continually be made. This requires having knowledge of the macroeconomic framework of a country and the stability expected from it. It is also true that decision makers must know the development of markets, the different production alternatives and the sources of financial resources.
Copyright (c) 2019 José Manuel Enrique Marsano Delgado (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Usability criteria as facilitator in the design of tourist experiences
This article aims to incorporate usability into the process of designing ourist experiences, based on the characteristics of tourist service and intervening actors as a whole. This happens in a context where technologyand connectivity have changed the modalities and processes of tourist service assistance and generation, by integrating new forms of interaction with devices and combined forms in tourist service daily operations.
Copyright (c) 2019 Claudia E. Llontop Diez (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The symbolic use of the land as a conceptual proposal of culinary tourism. A methodology for creating an agro-gastronomic tour
Tradition, natural landscapes, biodiversity and culture are some of the tourism resources available in rural areas. This cultural heritage reflects the identity of a society because it has developed over time forms of adaptation and social evolution, as well as skills, knowledge and technologies related to land use. Bearing in mind that, in recent years, visitors seek significant and socio-emotional experiences, rural spaces are an opportunity to live those experiences through gastronomy.
Copyright (c) 2019 Elizabeth Sara Gómez Castillo, Frida Lina Morcia Rivera (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Creative tourism. Conceptualization and characteristics
This article gathers concepts, characteristics and ideas about creative tourism: a derivation from cultural tourism in which tourists fundamentally approach intangible cultural heritage through co-creation. Creative tourism responds to current times (postmodernity) because it allows tourists to live unique, «differentiated», non-massive experiences that also benefit the host in various ways.
Copyright (c) 2019 Fabrizio Augusto Alberca Sialer (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
From the culture of vulgarity to virtue ethics: An outline of a virtuous life
Making an outline to understand how a virtuous life is achieved may seem like an excess of greatness. Our article is not intended to leave everything defined, but to introduce us to the ethical reality of our current world through the analysis and presentation of some characteristics of what is happening today. Using the philosophical reflection as a method, we will start to study relativism by showing its most visible face: the culture of vulgarity and individualism.
Copyright (c) 2019 Roger V. Yajure Revilla (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The profile of journalists in the digital age: An academic approach to understand their challenges and opportunities
Which is the profile of the journalist that a media corporation currently demands? Is a specialized journalist or a ‘multitasking’ journalist required? What kind of subjects are taught in universities to meet the expectations and needs of journalism companies? Since digital technologies stormed the newsrooms, these concerns have been raised without finding a satisfactory answer. Convergence remains, for now, a challenge for many media outlets that must face in their path the demands of a new type of reader or capricious audience.
Copyright (c) 2019 José Santillán Arruz (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Towards a culture of violence prevention
Violence has intensified at all social levels worldwide, generating problems of different magnitude or competence and involving people either as aggressors or victims. This paper shows the findings of the perception of the different social actors who are immersed in abuse, taking as reference the role of the State, school, family and media as the main drivers of a culture of prevention. The analysis demonstrates that people have lost sight of family responsibility as the main source of personal and social development. In addition, at the social level, behaviors disconnected from morally good actions have been normalized, giving way to violence. Therefore, this paper proposes to include violence prevention projects in a joint work that articulates social needs with cultural determinants, being necessary to establish strategies that involve social institutions and organizations.
Copyright (c) 2019 Martha Alicia Romero Echevarría (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Communication as an instrument of change in environmental problems
This article analyzes the transformative capacity of communication in the face of the ecological crisis that the world is going through today. Communication as culture maker has the laudable mission of establishing new values and habits regarding the environment, with the aim of raising interest in understanding and experiencing environmental issues in favor of the natural environment. Communication and environment are topics that converge in the construction of urban societies with ethical support, fostering a favorable social attitude towards environmental issues. Every communication process is of vital importance in society since it is a fundamental element in education to promote values, commitment and responsibility towards the common good and, in this particular case, environmental care.
Copyright (c) 2019 Azucena Wendy Montalva Miñan (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Coaching as communication resource to enhance talent and innovation in organizations
More than an occasional tool for motivation, contemporary coaching has become a flexible resource not only to improve communication in interpersonal relationships but also to retain talent (identified with the values and objectives of the institution), and to consolidate spaces for leadership, empowerment, creativity and teamwork, so that collaborators develop their full potential. In that sense, the present paper examines the origin, conceptualization, execution and impact of coaching within organizations.
Copyright (c) 2019 César Mejía Chiang (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Public participation in the production of media digital content
Facebook is the leading social network with the most users worldwide: it currently has 2.271 billion active accounts. In Peru, 14 million people log in to this platform every month. Considering this number of followers, the media has found in Facebook a successful way to interact with people.
Copyright (c) 2019 Dick Ronald Cáceres Navarro (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Association of Professors of the University of San Martín de Porres (ADUSAMARPO) annually publishes the multidisciplinary journal Cultura, which brings together the research papers submitted by its members during the annual call for papers. This volume makes 22 articles from various fields available to the academic community.
Copyright (c) 2019 Manuel Fernández Arata (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Developing tourism must be the result of a decision based on a broad and in-depth understanding of the current conditions of the region. Reviewing a region's tourism potential is a pressing need, as tourism depends on planning and strategies to minimize the risk of failure and offer a degree of predictability to stakeholders.
Copyright (c) 2023 Fabrizio Alberca Sialer (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The ethical paradigms of humanity: Ethics, human development, politics, economics and work
The two major ethical paradigms: teleological ethics, from Aristotle's humanism of the good or virtues, and deontological ethics, or the duty to comply with norms, from Kant's categorical imperatives, have been brought together in this research with the aim of answering the ever-troubling questions: How should I live? How can we optimize our behavior? Questions that have not lost their relevance in the face of the problems of human experience and coexistence in today's society.
Copyright (c) 2023 Wilfredo Montenegro Carrasco (Autor/a) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0